What is the main source of energy for all 3 energy roles?

The main source of energy for all three energy roles—producers, consumers, and decomposers—ultimately comes from the sun. Producers, such as plants, harness solar energy through photosynthesis to create organic matter. Consumers obtain energy by eating producers or other consumers, while decomposers break down dead organic material, returning nutrients to the ecosystem and relying on the energy stored in that organic matter. Thus, the sun serves as the foundational energy source for the entire food web.