How do vertical climates zones affect the economic activity of the southern highlands?

Vertical climate zones in the Southern Highlands create diverse agricultural opportunities by varying temperature and precipitation at different altitudes. This allows for the cultivation of a wide range of crops, from lower-elevation staples like maize to high-altitude produce such as potatoes and quinoa. Additionally, the distinct climate zones support livestock farming, particularly llamas and alpacas, which are integral to local economies. These variations in climate not only enhance agricultural productivity but also promote tourism related to unique cultural and ecological landscapes.