The common cold, the virus can be picked up if a sick person coughs or sneezes on you or you touch objects they handled then touch your mouth, nose, or eyes.
Ebola, the virus can be picked up by touching a sick person or a dead body of a sick person.
Tuberculosis, the bacteria is transferred when a sick person coughs and you inhale the very tiny aerosol droplets from the cough.
Cholera, the bacteria is picked up by drinking water contaminated with human sewage.
Gonorrhea or Syphilis, the bacteria is picked up by having sexual contact with an infected person.
Ringworm, the fungus can be picked up by direct contact with the affected area.