When do you use both chest compressions and rescue breathing?

Both chest compressions and rescue breathing are used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) when a person is unresponsive and not breathing or not breathing normally. This approach is particularly recommended for infants and children, as well as in situations where the cause of cardiac arrest is likely to be asphyxia. In adult victims of sudden cardiac arrest, hands-only CPR (chest compressions only) is often advised, especially for bystanders who may not be trained in rescue breathing.