The three main groups of fish are jawless fish (agnatha), cartilaginous fish (chondrichthyes), and bony fish (osteichthyes). Jawless fish, like lampreys and hagfish, lack jaws and have a simple body structure. Cartilaginous fish, such as sharks and rays, have a skeleton made of cartilage instead of bone. Bony fish possess a bony skeleton and include the vast majority of fish species, featuring a more complex anatomy, including swim bladders for buoyancy and gills covered by a bony operculum.
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