How does an acorn germinate and grow into a mature oak tree?

An acorn germinates when it falls to the ground and is covered by soil. The acorn absorbs water and nutrients, causing it to swell and eventually sprout a root. The root grows downward into the soil to anchor the young plant. The acorn also sends up a shoot that grows into a stem and eventually develops into a mature oak tree. The tree continues to grow, producing leaves for photosynthesis and roots to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Over time, the oak tree matures and can produce its own acorns, completing the life cycle.