How can investigators distingish between human and non-human blood?

Investigators can distinguish between human and non-human blood using several methods, including serological tests that identify specific proteins or antigens present in human blood but absent in non-human species. DNA analysis is another powerful tool, as human blood contains unique genetic material that can be amplified and compared to known human DNA. Additionally, species-specific primers can be used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques to confirm the origin of the blood sample.