How do interferon fight off pathogens?

Interferons are signaling proteins produced by host cells in response to viral infections and other pathogens. They enhance the immune response by promoting the activation of immune cells, such as natural killer cells and macrophages, and by stimulating the expression of genes that inhibit viral replication. Additionally, interferons can increase the resistance of neighboring cells to infection, thereby limiting the spread of pathogens. Overall, this coordinated response helps the body effectively combat infections.