What were the effects of westward expansion on native American tribe?

Westward expansion significantly disrupted Native American tribes through loss of land, resources, and traditional ways of life. As settlers moved west, tribes were forcibly removed from their ancestral territories, often leading to violent conflicts and broken treaties. This displacement resulted in devastating social, cultural, and economic consequences for many tribes, including population declines due to disease and warfare. Ultimately, westward expansion contributed to the marginalization and assimilation pressures faced by Native Americans.