What is a shotgun microphone and how is it used?

A shotgun microphone is a highly directional microphone designed to capture sound from a specific source while minimizing background noise. Its elongated shape and narrow pickup pattern allow it to focus on sound coming from in front of it, making it ideal for film, television, and field recording. It is often mounted on a boom pole or camera to capture dialogue or specific sound sources from a distance. Proper placement and angle are crucial for optimal sound quality.