What kill galapagos penguins?

Galapagos penguins face several threats that can lead to their mortality, including predation by introduced species such as rats, feral cats, and dogs. Additionally, natural predators like sharks and sea lions can pose a risk. Environmental challenges, including climate change, food scarcity due to overfishing, and habitat destruction, also significantly impact their survival. These factors combined have contributed to their classification as endangered.