How can I effectively prune old pear trees to promote healthy growth and fruit production?

To effectively prune old pear trees for healthy growth and fruit production, start by removing dead or diseased branches. Then, thin out crowded areas to improve air circulation and sunlight exposure. Trim back branches that are crossing or rubbing against each other. Finally, shape the tree by cutting back to outward-facing buds to encourage new growth. Pruning should be done in late winter or early spring while the tree is dormant.