Amounts owed to a vendor is it a liability asset revenue epense or divedend?

Anything "owed" is a liability to the company until it is paid.

Gathering what I can from the question, I am assuming the "vendor" would be a person/company that supplies a product that another company resales for profit. In other Words it is their Inventory, When the merchandise is recieved, at the moment of receipt if the amount isn't paid and is put on account (owed) then journal entry is a

debit to Inventory

credit to Account Payable.

Since this is a debt it is recorded as a liability, once it is paid however, the transaction goes as follows

debit to Account Payable

credit to Cash

The inventory itself remains an asset until it is sold, then the asset decreases and then and only then is the cost initially paid recorded as an expense.