What are the steps of translating a program?

Translating a program typically involves several key steps:

1. Lexical Analysis: The source code is broken down into tokens, which are the basic building blocks of the program (keyWords, identifiers, operators, etc.).
2. Syntax Analysis: The tokens are analyzed to ensure they conform to the grammatical rules of the programming language, often resulting in a parse tree.
3. Semantic Analysis: The program is checked for semantic correctness, ensuring that operations are valid and variables are properly defined.
4. Code Generation: The final step involves generating target code, which can be machine code or an intermediate representation, ready for execution.