How did pioneers make fences?

Pioneers typically made fences using locally available materials, such as wood, stone, or wire. Split-rail fences were common, where logs were split into rails and stacked in a zigzag pattern. They also used barbed wire, which became popular in the late 19th century, to contain livestock and mark property boundaries. In some areas, stone fences were constructed by stacking stones found in fields or quarried nearby.