[1] Aphids are native to the U.S. As late as the 19th-very early 20th century, they lived in balance with host plants and with natural enemies. The balance was so finetuned that they only came to the world's attention when they slipped into France on imported American grape rootstocks. Without their natural enemies, they nearly ruined French vineyards, where they had previously been unknown. They were recognized, and named, by an Oxford scientist. [2] The best way to prevent major aphid damage, if not aphid presence, is by avoiding plant stress, and encouraging natural enemies. [3] A particularly common stress to plants is over/underwatering. Make sure that the soil is moist, not sopping wet, 6 inches down. That usually means watering every 7 days, unless there has been a rain or snow fall event that week. Also make sure that the soil is fertile, and well-drained. It helps to compost, and mulch. Both add organic matter, and therefore drainage and fertility, to soil. [4] Have a soil analysis done every 3 years. The test tells you which nutrients you have, which you lack, and what to do about it. Healthy plants need access to the 16-17 nutrients that are found in healthy soil. [5] Beneficial insects such as ladybugs and praying mantids fall in that category. They're attracted to native plants such as cardinal flower, coneflower, Joe pye weed, and the plants that also attract birds, butterflies, and hummingbirds.
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