In a typical food chain, only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next. This means that if, for example, a plant captures 1,000 units of energy from the sun, only about 100 units would be passed on to the herbivore that eats it, and subsequently, only about 10 units would be available to the hawk that preys on that herbivore. This energy loss at each trophic level is due to metabolic processes and inefficiencies.
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