The Plessy v. Ferguson decision in 1896 upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine, effectively legalizing Jim Crow laws in the South. This ruling institutionalized discrimination and reinforced racial inequality, leading to widespread disenfranchisement and social marginalization of Black Americans. For the next six decades, Southern blacks faced systemic oppression, which fueled civil rights activism and laid the groundwork for future challenges to segregation and discrimination, culminating in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Ultimately, Plessy v. Ferguson significantly hindered progress toward racial equality and justice during that period.
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