Minerals are classified based on five key criteria: composition, crystal structure, physical properties, occurrence, and origin. Composition refers to the chemical elements and compounds that make up the mineral. Crystal structure involves the arrangement of atoms within the mineral, which influences its shape and properties. Physical properties include characteristics like hardness, luster, and color that help in identification. Occurrence pertains to the geological settings where minerals are found, while origin refers to the processes that formed them, such as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic processes.
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