What are the tools in physical examination?

The primary tools used in a physical examination include a stethoscope for listening to heart and lung sounds, a sphygmomanometer for measuring blood pressure, a thermometer for checking body temperature, and an otoscope for examining the ears. Other common tools include a reflex hammer for assessing neurological function and a tongue depressor for inspecting the throat and mouth. A penlight may also be used to examine pupils and other areas requiring illumination.