How do such fears lead to intolerance?

Fears, particularly those rooted in the unknown or perceived threats, can lead to intolerance by fostering suspicion and hostility towards others who are different. When individuals feel threatened by cultural, racial, or ideological differences, they may resort to scapegoating or dehumanizing those they view as "other." This can create an environment where empathy is diminished, and discriminatory attitudes are reinforced, ultimately perpetuating cycles of intolerance and division within society.