How do you Identify the security services of cryptography?

The security services of cryptography can be identified by evaluating their core functions, which include confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation. Confidentiality ensures that information is accessible only to authorized users, while integrity guarantees that data has not been altered during transmission. Authentication verifies the identity of users or systems, and non-repudiation provides proof of the origin of data, preventing denial of involvement. Together, these services protect data and communication in various applications.