Why are lichens in the soil different from lichens on boulders?

Lichens in the soil differ from those on boulders primarily due to their microhabitats and environmental conditions. Soil lichens often experience higher moisture levels and nutrient availability, which can support different species adapted to these conditions. In contrast, boulder lichens face harsher conditions, including greater exposure to sunlight, wind, and limited nutrients, leading to the dominance of more resilient species that can withstand these stressors. Additionally, soil lichens may interact with different microbial communities than those found on boulders.