What led to the schism between the catholic church and the eastern orthodox church?

The schism between the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church, known as the Great Schism of 1054, was primarily driven by theological, political, and cultural differences. Key issues included disputes over papal authority, the insertion of the Filioque clause into the Nicene Creed by the Western Church, and varying liturgical practices. Additionally, the growing estrangement between the Latin-speaking West and the Greek-speaking East, exacerbated by political tensions, contributed to the divide. The mutual excommunications in 1054 formalized the split, leading to the enduring separation of the two branches of Christianity.