When Colossus was developed how did they get it to work?

Colossus, the world's first programmable digital computer, was developed during World War II by British codebreakers at Bletchley Park to help decipher the Lorenz-encrypted messages used by the German military. It operated using over 2,000 vacuum tubes and employed a series of Boolean logic circuits to process data. The team, led by Tommy Flowers, utilized a combination of binary arithmetic and advanced engineering to design the machine, which could perform calculations and run programs based on punched tape inputs. Colossus significantly accelerated the codebreaking efforts, contributing to the Allied war effort.