Which factors contribute to ascites in patients with cirrhosis?

Ascites in patients with cirrhosis primarily results from portal hypertension, which increases pressure in the portal venous system, leading to fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity. Additionally, hypoalbuminemia, a consequence of impaired liver function, decreases oncotic pressure, promoting fluid leakage into the peritoneal space. Renal dysfunction and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) also play roles by causing sodium and water retention. Together, these factors contribute to the development and progression of ascites in cirrhotic patients.