How does monera exchange gas?

Monera, which includes prokaryotic organisms like bacteria, typically exchange gases through diffusion across their cell membranes. These organisms absorb oxygen for respiration and release carbon dioxide as a byproduct. In aquatic environments, gas exchange occurs directly with the surrounding water, while in soil, gases diffuse through the soil particles. This process is efficient due to the thin nature of the cell membrane and the concentration gradients present in their environments.