What is the shifting of the economy from good times to bad and back again?

The shifting of the economy from good times to bad and back again is often referred to as the business cycle. This cycle consists of periods of economic expansion, characterized by growth, increased employment, and rising consumer confidence, followed by contractions or recessions, marked by declining economic activity, higher unemployment, and reduced spending. These fluctuations can be influenced by various factors, including changes in consumer demand, government policies, and external shocks. Understanding this cycle helps policymakers and businesses navigate economic changes effectively.