How can insect pests be controlled?

Insect pests can be controlled through a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical methods. Cultural practices include crop rotation, proper sanitation, and the use of resistant plant varieties to reduce pest populations. Biological control involves introducing natural predators or parasites to manage pest species effectively. Chemical control, while effective, should be used judiciously to minimize environmental impact and resistance development, often as a last resort in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.