What factor would have most likely prevented the problems that cities faced during urbanization?

Effective urban planning and infrastructure development would have most likely prevented many of the problems cities faced during urbanization. By anticipating population growth and ensuring adequate housing, transportation, sanitation, and public services were in place, cities could have better managed the influx of residents. Additionally, implementing policies for sustainable development and community engagement could have mitigated issues such as overcrowding, pollution, and social inequality.