Sponge kidney, also known as nephronophthisis or medullary sponge kidney, is a congenital condition characterized by cystic dilatation of the collecting tubules in one or both kidneys. This abnormality leads to the formation of small cysts in the renal medulla, which can result in urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and, in some cases, progressive kidney dysfunction. Despite its name, it does not resemble a typical sponge; instead, it can lead to complications that affect kidney function over time. Diagnosis is often made through imaging studies, and management may involve addressing symptoms and complications.
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