What are the cactus's environmental pressures?

Cacti face several environmental pressures, including extreme temperatures, limited water availability, and competition for resources. Their adaptations, such as thick skins and spines, help reduce water loss and deter herbivores. Additionally, they must contend with soil quality and the presence of pathogens or pests that can affect their growth and survival. Climate change poses an emerging threat, potentially altering their habitats and stressing their resilience.