Plants during the beginning of the Mesozoic (the era when dinosaurs existed), included conifers and tree ferns. At the end of the Triassic, cycads and then ginkgos evolved. All of the above were the primary plants throughout the rest of the Mesozoic, except ginkgos which began to decline in the early Cretaceous. At the beginning of the Cretaceous, the first flowering plants evolved. Before the end of the Mesozoic, there were already Magnolids (trees that include magnolias) and palms.
Many of the same groups of animals that exist today coexisted with dinosaurs. Insects like roaches and dragonflies existed alongside dinosaurs, and termites and ants evolved in the Jurassic. Wasps and bees evolved during the early Cretaceous. Small mammals evolved during the Mesozoic, and birds evolved from dinosaurs in the early Cretaceous. Frogs and salamanders, as well as turtles, first appeared in the Jurassic, and modern crocodillians appeared in the Cretaceous. Some extinct animals that coexisted with dinosaurs include icthyosaurs, plesiOSaurs, pterosaurs, huge amphibians like Koolasuchus, mosasaurs, and fully marine crocodilymorphs called thalattosuchians.
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