Why coal production declined in Europe?

At the end of the 19th century, that is around the year 1900, just about everything was powered by coal. Steamships, railroads, power stations, industry, domestic home heating, town gas production. Then oil was found in large amounts and was found to be more convenient to use, internal combustion engines were developed, and coal declined. This was further encouraged by discovery of natural gas post WW2, and town gas was phased out, so less coal required again, also concerns about clean air in cities made domestic burning of coal illegal in many areas. Development of nuclear power also meant coal was no longer so much in demand for electricity generation.