What weapons did soldiers have to protect themselves from in the trenches?

Soldiers in the trenches during World War I faced a variety of weapons, including rifles, machine guns, artillery shells, and grenades. They also had to contend with gas attacks, which introduced chemical weapons like chlorine and mustard gas. The combination of these lethal technologies created a perilous environment, making trench warfare one of the deadliest forms of combat. Protective measures included helmets, gas masks, and makeshift barricades, but they often offered limited safety against the advanced weaponry of the time.