What is the name for the record of a ships voyage?

The logbook, commonly referred to as "the ship's log." The term originated when ships still measured speed by dropping a log secured with a rope over the side. Evenly spaced knots on the rope were counted over a set period of time, giving us the term "knots" to measure maritime speed. The speed was recorded in in a book which came to be called the "logbook." The ship's log is now used to record anything pertinent to a particular voyage, including speed, weather conditions, engine data, arrival and departure from ports, etc...