What is the process of sloughing off the old functional layer of the endometrium?

The process of sloughing off the old functional layer of the endometrium occurs during menstruation. It begins with hormonal changes that trigger the breakdown of the endometrial tissue, which is rich in blood vessels and glands. As progesterone levels drop, the supporting tissue deteriorates, leading to the shedding of the functional layer through the cervix and vagina. This process typically lasts for about 3 to 7 days, marking the start of a new menstrual cycle.