How can you test the water pump to make sure it is operating okay?

I'm going to assume this question is concerning a domestic water well pump.

First , if there are any whining, or screeching noises, or smell of hot wires -then it is definitely NOT okay ! - Switch it off and fix.

- Inspect for any leaks while running. Feel motor to ensure it's not too hot, check output pressure on gauge, finally use a 'clamp-on' ammeter on motor to ensure it's pulling recommended amps while under load.

Be careful with electricity AND moving parts !