How did the ancient sumerians modify their environment to increase food production?

The ancient Sumerians modified their environment primarily through irrigation. They constructed an extensive network of canals and dikes to manage the flow of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, allowing them to divert water to their fields and enhance agricultural productivity. This irrigation system enabled them to cultivate a variety of crops, such as barley and wheat, in the otherwise arid landscape. Additionally, they practiced crop rotation and developed plowing techniques to further boost food production.