Which species are able to live on bare rock?

Certain species, such as lichens, mosses, and some types of algae, can thrive on bare rock surfaces. These organisms are often pioneer species, capable of surviving harsh conditions with minimal nutrients. They help initiate soil formation by breaking down the rock over time, allowing other plants to eventually establish. Additionally, certain hardy invertebrates, like some types of snails and insects, may also inhabit these environments.