What are the causes of overheating Toyota 1991 surf engine?

Overheating in a 1991 Toyota Surf can be caused by several factors, including a malfunctioning thermostat that fails to regulate engine temperature, a clogged or damaged radiator that restricts coolant flow, or low coolant levels due to leaks in hoses, the radiator, or the engine itself. Additionally, a failing water pump can impede coolant circulation, and worn-out head gaskets may lead to coolant loss or combustion gases entering the cooling system. Regular maintenance and checks can help prevent these issues.