Can you compare the 10 mm to 40 cal pistols?

It depends on what you want to compare. The pistols themselves may or may not be different, it just depends on which two specific brands/models you are comparing. If you are referring to the 10mm cartridge vs. the .40SW, the .40 is shorter and has much less muzzle velocity and energy than a 10mm. The piece of lead however, is the same, normally ranging from 135 grains to 180 grains, although some are 200 grains.