What is the criteria used to declare a service an essential service?

The criteria for declaring a service as essential typically include its critical role in maintaining public health, safety, and welfare. Essential services often involve sectors such as healthcare, emergency services, utilities (water, electricity), and food supply, which are necessary for the functioning of society. Additionally, the service must be indispensable during emergencies or crises, ensuring that the basic needs of the population are met. Local and national governments usually define and regulate these services based on specific circumstances and community needs.