How does rotenone kill?

Rotenone kills by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration in cells. It specifically targets Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) in the electron transport chain, disrupting ATP production and leading to cellular energy failure. This results in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and ultimately triggers apoptosis or cell death. Rotenone is often used as a pesticide and has also been studied for its effects in research related to Parkinson's disease due to its neurotoxic properties.