What are the differences between NPA and NPM in public administration?

The keyWords for NPA are Relevance, Values, Social Equity & Change. The advocates of NPA had a complaint from the traditional PA that it was not relevant to the current needs of the society. It was value-neutral. No concern for social equity & taking care of the underprivileged. Hence NPA began under Dwight Waldo.

NPM on the other hand seeks to introduce the element of 'market-orientation' in PA. Called for roll-back of the state & more role for the market. Hence increase competition in the process. KeyWords are - Economy, Efficiency & Effectiveness.