How did congress organize the judicial branch?

Congress organized the judicial branch through the Judiciary Act of 1789, which established the federal court system. This act created a Supreme Court, along with lower federal courts, including district and circuit courts, outlining their jurisdiction and structure. Additionally, it defined the roles of the Supreme Court justices and allowed Congress to determine the number of justices on the Supreme Court. This framework laid the foundation for the U.S. judicial system as it exists today.