Hummus is certainly Middle Eastern, and has always been popular in Syria, Jordan and Egypt. While it's certainly a staple in Israel, it didn't necessarily originate there. Like many Middle-East foods, it's virtually impossible to trace its origin as the cultures are ancient, movement and migration has always been fluid, and the ingredients are native to the entire region.
Many "Israeli" foods are borrowed from the surrounding Middle Eastern cultures as Jews migrated from these areas - Morocco, Iraq, Iran, Libya, Egypt, etc. -- and brought with them rich culinary traditions. "Jewish" food is generally thought of as the Ashkenazi variety from Central and Northern Europe: foods like kugel, kreplach, cholent, k'naidel, and borsht. They often have Yiddish names, as the people spoke Yiddish in addition to the various regional languages.
As is clear from the above, through the centuries Jews have been spread across the globe, and been part of various cultures, regional influences and have experienced culinary exposure. It's thus difficult to nail down any single uniquely "Jewish" food.
Answer:
It is believed that Hummus is mentioned in Bible in Ruth 2-14 when Boaz tells Ruth to come and dip her food into the sauce. The Word used in The Bible is Humutz (Hummus) and similar to the modern Hebrew Word Himtza. It appears from Biblical passages Hummus is mentioned as a Jewish food long before mentioned as an Arab food.
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