During the time of the Roman Empire, which lasted from 27 BC to AD 476, ancient Central America was home to advanced Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Olmec, Maya, and Teotihuacan cultures. The Olmec, often considered the "mother culture" of Mesoamerica, thrived around 1200-400 BC, while the Maya civilization began to develop more complex societies, including city-states, during the Classic period (AD 250-900). These cultures engaged in agriculture, trade, and sophisticated art and architecture, developing their own systems of writing and mathematics independently of the Old World. Though geographically distant, these civilizations were contemporaneous with the Roman Empire and had their own distinct social and political structures.
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