Where did the European explorers come from?

European explorers primarily came from various maritime nations, including Spain, Portugal, England, France, and the Netherlands. During the Age of Exploration in the 15th to 17th centuries, these countries sought new trade routes, resources, and territories. Notably, explorers like Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Ferdinand Magellan embarked on expeditions that expanded European knowledge of the world and led to the colonization of many regions.