What judicial body does not allow defendant to be present or cross-examine witnesses?

The judicial body that does not allow defendants to be present or cross-examine witnesses is often an administrative tribunal or a specific type of civil court, such as a small claims court in some jurisdictions. These bodies typically focus on resolving disputes more informally and efficiently, prioritizing expedience over formal legal procedures. The absence of defendants and the lack of cross-examination can limit their ability to present a full defense, leading to concerns about fairness and due process.